| Hydrogenation | Sulphonation | Chloro Sulphonation | Coupling | Cyclization |
| Distillation | Nitration | Condensation | Oxidation | Blending |
| Vacuum distillation | Reduction | Amidation | Diazotization | Reverse osmosis |
| Chlorination | Acetylation | Alkylation | Hydrolysis | Coppering |
| Spray drying |
